Rob Atras - the 'up and coming' NY based trainer in profile

Words - Bill Heller

Trainer Rob Atras wasn’t born into racing; he was into racing before he was born. His mother didn’t let her pregnancy at the time prevent her from visiting the winner’s circle after her horse won a race at Assiniboia Downs in Winnipeg. 

“She has the win picture,” Rob laughed. “She said, `You were in my stomach when the picture was taken.’ When I was old enough, I went around the track with her. I was probably five or six. ”

Three decades later, Rob is a rising star in New York—a young conditioner steeped in old school horsemanship with an uncanny knack of claiming horses. He was good enough to finish tied for seventh with Brad Cox in the 2021 Saratoga Meet, when he won his first Gr. 1 stakes, the Coaching Club American Oaks, with Maracuja. At the current Belmont Park Summer Meet, he is tied for sixth with David Donk. Rob’s earnings grew from $1.8 million in 2019 to $2 million in 2020 and $3.9 million in 2021. He’s already topped $2 million in the first six months of this year. Rob, who is 37 years old, ranked 37th nationally in earnings last year and is 37th this year through the end of June.

He is strengthened by his wife/assistant trainer/best friend Brittney, who is proud of Rob’s horsemanship. Asked why he is successful, she said, “I think because he treats each horse individually. It’s so true—how they train, how their legs are wrapped. Rob is very hands-on. He’s always feeling their legs. He’s really good at reading a condition book. Rob is very realistic about the horses we have and where they need to race to be successful.”

Rob’s equine education began with his mother, Tanis, who owned a couple of horses while working at a bank. When she retired, she had all the time she wanted with horses. “She grew up always riding,” Rob said. “She owned a couple of horses with trainer Jack Robertson. We were very close to his farm. She would help him out. I was too young at first. I’d be in the track kitchen reading the Form. I had a pretty good background from my mom.”

She couldn’t be prouder of her only child, and she saw his love of horses as a child. “That was his passion,” she said. “To be that successful at the New York tracks, we’re very proud of him. He puts his heart and soul into it. He’s done that his whole life. He loves it. He’s got a great wife, and they’re a great team.”

Rob’s father, Jim, was an undercover investigator for the Royal Canadian Mountain Police for 30 years in the province of Manitoba. “Sometimes he was gone for a week,” Rob said. “He wasn’t really involved in horses, but he’s been really supportive of me.”

Still. “We never miss a race,” his mother said. “It’s so exciting for us. We love watching him.”

Rob’s journey from Portage la Prairie in Manitoba to New York had plenty of interesting stops.

He worked summers for Jack Robertson when he was 16 and 17. Asked what he learned from him, Rob replied, “All the fundamentals—taking care of the horses, the legs, keeping track of the horses.”

After he graduated from high school, he took a job in a steel factory. “I left the job, and with everything I made, I bought a horse,” Rob said. “With no plan. I went to the University of Manitoba for a year and a half.”

Then he bolted back to the track for life.

Rob began working for trainer Bert Blake. “He’s a legend up in Canada, and he had a small stable,” Rob said. “He asked me if I could work for him. I had two horses. He said I could keep them. I trained a little on my own. Bert let me do that. I worked up to assistant trainer. It was really cool.”

His next job was even cooler. He got an offer to come to Kentucky and work for trainer Rebecca Maker, whose top horse at the time was It’s No Joke, a multiple stakes winner who earned $685,612. He was eighth in the Gr. 1 Clark at Churchill Downs, but Rob still has a good memory of the race. “I was standing next to Todd Pletcher; I emailed my mom and told her, `You’ll never believe who I was standing next to.’ After Churchill Downs, Rob worked for Maker at the Fair Grounds.

“It really opened my eyes—how big the racing world is,” Rob said. “I was so green. I was a sponge and took in everything. I wanted to be there and learn as much as I could. I was 22.” 

He returned to Canada and cobbled together a stable of 15 to 20 horses. His first winner was a $5,000 claimer, Forgotten Battle, September 3, 2010, at Assiniboia Downs. Like many other trainers at Assiniboia, he wintered in Turf Paradise in Phoenix. That’s where he had the good fortune of meeting trainer Robertino Diodoro in 2014. “He sent me a couple horses to run in Canada,” Rob said. “I think I was finishing my fourth or fifth year training on my own.”

Diodoro offered him a job. “I didn’t have a ton of horses in my barn; as much as I loved Turf Paradise, it was a struggle financially. I felt like I was spinning my tires a little bit. I wasn’t really moving up. He asked me to go to Oaklawn Park. That meant giving up my horses and clients. I was going from trainer to assistant trainer, but it didn’t take long for me to decide. I’m going to take this opportunity and see where it goes.”

He has never regretted that decision. “I got along very well with Robertino; you feel like you’re working with him, not for him. We developed a friendship.”

Rob would eventually handle Robertino’s horses in New York before striking out on his own in the toughest circuit in the country. “He talked to a few people, and I wound up with six horses.” Rob said. Now he has 50.

He began on his own in the 2018–2019 winter, a calculated gamble, racing at Aqueduct while many of New York’s top outfits shipped to Florida for the winter. He knocked his opportunity out of the park, winning five races in his first nine starts.

In New York, he found a baseball team to root for, the love of his life and a goat.

“When I came to New York, I started watching the Yankees,” he said. “They had Aaron Judge. I went to a couple games.” Judge is currently leading the majors in home runs, and Rob wears a Yankees cap almost all the time.

Brittney, like her husband, was introduced to horses at a young age. “Both of my parents are horse people,” Brittney said. “My father (Larry Dixon) was a trainer and had a training center in Virginia; my mom is a vet. I grew up with horses.”

She got the opportunity of a lifetime in Godolphin’s Flying Start program, traveling all over the world. “It was amazing,” she said. “I met a lot of contacts and got to see the greatest horses in the world.”

Unsure of what she wanted to pursue in horse racing, she took a job working for Fasig-Tipton after she graduated from the University of Georgia, then worked for Bridlewood Farm. 

Her mom was a vet at Belmont Park, administering Lasix shots. Brittney decided to tag along with her and then do the same with veterinarian Dr. Michael Galvin. On her first morning with him, she met Rob.

Galvin and Brittney stopped by Rob’s barn. “I was still working for Robertino at the time,” Rob said. “Dr. Galvin asked him how one of my horses did in his race. I said, 'No good!’ Then Galvin introduced Brittney. “I said, `Hi,’ and that was it,” Rob said. “I was still pissed off about the race.”

Brittney took that experience favorably. “He had no interest in talking to me; that made me more interested.”

Fate, karma or coincidence happened the next day when Rob and a friend went to Trotters, a bar and restaurant in Franklin Square. Brittney was living with her mother, and they decided to go there as well. They sat next to Rob and his pal. “We talked for two hours,” Brittney said. 

While she was leaving, though, she slipped and fell down. “I slipped; I wasn’t drunk,” she said. “I was super embarrassed.”

She felt she had to tell Rob that, so she stopped by his barn the next morning. Then she invited Rob to join her and her mother for dinner. “We have been together ever since,” she said. “He’s literally the most kind, thoughtful person I know.” They married in September 2018.

Gilbert the goat

Then there’s the goat, Gilbert, possibly the greatest goat of all time. Or maybe the greatest Gilbert of all time. “I had never had a goat,” Rob said. “We had a wild horse, a Tapit colt, Tappin Vegas, who was very tough to manage. Someone said, `Why don’t you get a goat? They’re supposed to calm down horses.’ I asked around.” 

Rob bought three-month-old Gilbert. He was not an instant success. “The goat was wild—running all over the place, jumping up and down,” Rob said. “We tied him down between two horses’ stables.”

Gilbert wanted nothing to do with the problem horse he was supposed to calm down, Tappin Vegas. The horse in the other stall was Becker’s Galaxy, an older gelding. “He fell in love with Becker’s Galaxy,” Rob said. “Whenever Becker’s Galaxy would leave his stall, Gilbert would cry out. But Gilbert’s calmed down. Now he listens to his name like a cat or a dog.”

Does he come when he’s called? “Sometimes,” Rob said.

Rob is much better at training horses than goats. 

One of Rob’s happiest clients is Sandy Goldfarb, a long-time successful owner who had temporarily left the game. “I was with Diodoro,” Sandy said. “Then I was out of the game for five years.”

He credits Rob and Brittney for getting him back into the game. “They’re really amazing—the most down-to-earth people, and the care they give their horses is unbelievable,” Sandy said. “I just really believe in Rob, his talent, his ability. He’s done an incredible job. I have eight to 15 horses with him now. They get claimed left and right.”

Two horses they claimed gave Rob instant credibility in New York. “We claimed American Power in Saratoga for $40,000 (on July 29, 2020),” Rob said. All American Power did was win four straight, including the $145,500 Gr. 3 Toboggan Handicap, January 30, 2021, at Aqueduct. It was Rob’s first graded stakes victory.

Sandy and partners had similar success with Mr Phil—a $32,000 claim on  February 27—this year who won three straight allowance races before taking on sprint superstar Jackie’s Warrior and finishing fifth in the Gr. 2 True North Handicap, June 10.

In between those two successful claims, Rob’s Maracuja gave him his first Gr. 1 stakes, taking the Coaching Club American Oaks by running down Malathaat to win by a head last July 24. “We came in as an underdog,” Rob said. “We were hoping for second, but we would have settled for third. It was quite a thrilling race, an oddly-run race.”

Indeed.  

Maracuja (2) Coaching Club American Oaks 2021 - Atras’ first Gr.1 winner

“I would never have expected my first Gr. 1 to be at Saratoga,” Rob said.

Brittney still gets emotional talking about it nearly a year later: “Literally, I think I’m going to cry. I get serious goosebumps. It was so amazing and so beautiful. I am still not sure she won it.”

She did. And the common denominator for those two successful claims and the Gr. 1 stakes winner was the care they received from Rob and Brittney.

“You learn to train a $3,000 claimer as a stakes horse,” Rob said. “In feeding him, taking care of him. We just believe in that. The people I learned from were very good trainers. Everything matters: the type of feed, the hay in the stall, every little item. They’re going to be happy if they’re healthy.”

In terms of making claims, Rob said, “Obviously, the horse’s form is the first thing you look at. I like to look at a horse’s conditions. What level is next for this horse? I like to look at the back class. When I worked with Jack Robertson, that’s one thing he would do. A lot of times, he’d bring horses up from the states, who were off form. A lot would go on to be stakes horses up here (at Assiniboia).”

At Assiniboia, Rob was the leading percentage trainer in 2014. Now he’s in the Top Ten at Saratoga and Belmont. “It’s something I never really expected.” Rob said. “It’s a pretty cool feeling. When I was a youngster, I was watching New York racing and seeing all these great trainers. Then you get here as a trainer. It’s a different world. It really keeps you focused all the time. I don’t like to get ahead of myself. I think about this week. Never get complacent because you’re running against the best. It’s very tough, but very rewarding.”

Alan Balch - Inspiring Ascot

Although I’ve never been to Royal Ascot, I first went to the course in October 2012, for the second British Champions Day, where Frankel “miraculously” recorded his 14th straight and final win after having been left at the start of the rich Champion Stakes.  

On a cold, damp day, with the going “soft, heavy in places,” a capacity crowd of 32,000 was in attendance, and somewhat uncharacteristically for the British (I was told), yelled itself crazy for Frankel’s super effort. Not to mention trainer Henry Cecil.

Actually, however, Ascot has a true capacity far in excess of that day’s attendance. In the most recent Royal meeting, in June this year, crowds of over 60,000 were there. The television coverage of the masses of humanity in the stands, the infield and the various enclosures all along the mile straight, the paddocks, and on both ends of the strikingly beautiful permanent stands, gave any racing fan a thrill.

At the Cheltenham Festival for jump racing in March this year, attendance over four days ranged from 64,000 to 74,000 . . . “almost capacity,” according to management. And that left the media speculating about possibly adding a fifth day to its schedule, “like Royal Ascot.”

I was in London myself this year, late in March, amazed (and pleased) to see abundant advertising for Royal Ascot almost everywhere I went. Even though Opening Day was over two months away! Track managements in Britain clearly don’t take such attendance figures for granted . . . they believe in strong promotion and marketing, at least for their major racing, and undoubtedly their commercial sponsors (of which there are many high-profile brands) do as well.

What I see here in American racing attendance is virtually the opposite. And it’s a grave concern. Have we given up trying to persuade fans to go to the races?

The exceptions here seem to be the Triple Crown races, Breeders’ Cup, some Oaklawn days, the short summer meetings at Del Mar and Saratoga, and the two short Keeneland sessions. As one of racing’s dinosaurs, I admit to living in the past. But when I joined Santa Anita in 1971, I was told by one of racing’s most authoritative figures that I’d never see a crowd of 50,000 at our track again: “Those days are long gone.”  Within five years, however, the Santa Anita Handicap, Derby and Opening Day were regularly drawing well over 50,000. More importantly, our daily average attendance 15 years later, over 17 weeks of 5 days each, peaked at just under 33,000 in 1986. And that was when announced attendance in California was scrupulously honest and audited.

I mention this because now I hear the old pessimism again, all the time, walking through the nearly vacant quarter-mile long stand at Santa Anita . . . that the days of regular big crowds at race tracks, actually any real crowds at all, are long gone. The reasons cited are obvious: Internet, satellite and telephone betting, pervasive competition from other sports and gaming, and the proliferation of all sorts of simulcasting—all disincentives for going to the races.  

What worries me most is hearing track executives and horsemen saying, “It really doesn’t make any difference, not having fans at the track, as long as the total handle’s there, generating purses.”

Actually, I believe it does. Not just because bets at the track contribute way more to purses than any others, and non-wagering revenues are critical to a track’s finances. It’s also an enormous difference for the future prospects of the sport. Where are those future off-track bettors going to come from if they’ve never been to the races? And how about future owners, too—how much fun is it to win a race with a few loud yells echoing through an empty stadium, whether you’re an owner or a horseplayer?

Consider, in geographical terms, that California by itself is 1.7 times larger than the United Kingdom, and a few years ago this state surpassed that entire nation in annual gross domestic product. Competitive gaming and sporting opportunities in the British Isles equal or probably exceed those available in California, at least in terms of access. Yet—I am told—the reason there’s apparently so much more interest in racing there than here is “cultural.” Her Majesty the Queen and all that?

It's true that in many respects Great Britain is the birthplace of all equestrian sport. Queen Anne founded Ascot itself in 1711, official colors were invented and approved in 1783, and then the British Empire ruled the world for so long . . . until it didn’t.  

However, the Belmont Stakes and Saratoga commenced in the 1860s, the Kentucky Derby in 1875, and organized California racing in fits and starts beginning in the early 1900s. For a very long time, racing was far and away America’s most popular sport. That it hasn’t maintained a true competitive popularity here, despite the advent of so much competition, are sheer failures of management, marketing and promotion. American racing’s commitment to sophisticated, creative marketing as an investment, rather than a troublesome expense to be cut, then cut even more, has seriously waned or even disappeared over the last quarter-century.

It's never too late to rediscover and share the magical spectacle of racing. Whatever troubles our sport faces, its intrinsic allure of intersecting superlative beauty, elegance, human and equine athleticism beyond compare, coupled with its enormous array of gaming opportunities, is a marketer’s dream.

As anyone who attended Royal Ascot or watched it on television can attest.  

Electrolyte Balance – vital to the proper functioning of a racehorse's system

Words - Dr. Cath Dunnett

Electrolytes are essential components of the racehorse’s diet as they are vital to the proper functioning of the body’s basic physiological processes, such as nerve conduction, muscle contraction, fluid balance and skeletal integrity. The major electrolytes, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium and magnesium are widely distributed within the body, but can be more concentrated in particular organs and tissues.

For example, the level of potassium is very high in red blood cells but quite low in plasma, and the level of calcium in blood is low, but comparatively very high in bone and in muscle cells. The body has in-built mechanisms that work to maintain the correct electrolyte balance within the tissues, fluids and cells. These modify the absorption of electrolytes in the gut, or their excretion by the kidneys. These mechanisms are not foolproof however, and electrolyte loss through sweat can be a major issue for Thoroughbreds. The sweat of the equine athlete, unlike its human counterpart, is hypertonic; meaning that horse sweat contains higher levels of electrolytes than the circulating blood plasma. Consequently, the horse loses comparatively large quantities of electrolytes through sweating.

Although the electrolyte composition of equine sweat varies between individuals, on average a litre would contain about 3.5g of sodium, 6g of chloride, 1.2g of potassium and 0.1g of calcium. From this we can see that the majority of the electrolyte lost is in the form of sodium and chloride or ‘salt’. The amount of sweat produced on a daily basis and therefore the quantity of electrolytes lost differs from horse to horse and depends on a number of factors. As sweating is primarily a cooling mechanism, how hard a horse is working, i.e. the duration and intensity of exercise and both the temperature and humidity of the environment are all significant. Horses can easily produce 10 litres of sweat per hour when working hard in hot humid conditions. Stressful situations can also cause greatly increased sweating.

For example, during transport horses can lose a significant amount of electrolyte through sweating and the opportunity for replenishing this loss through the diet may be less as feeding frequency is reduced. Use of electrolyte supplements either in the form of powders or pastes is advocated before, during and after travel, especially over long distances. A number of air freight transport companies advise trainers to use a powdered electrolyte supplement added to the feed on a regular basis given for the 3 days prior to travel. As this helps offset much of the loss normally incurred during transport and subsequently the horses arrive at their destination in better shape. Electrolyte supplementation is a valuable attribute in the ongoing battle to reduce in-flight dehydration.

Electrolytes lost from the body in sweat must be replenished through the diet. All feeds, including forages, have a natural electrolyte content and in concentrate feeds this is usually enhanced by the addition of ‘salt’, which is sodium chloride. Forages such as grass, hay, haylage or alfalfa (lucerne) naturally contain a large amount of potassium, as can be seen from the table 1 below. In fact, 5kg of hay for example, would provide in the region of 75g of potassium, which largely meets the potassium needs of a horse in training. It is therefore questionable whether an electrolyte supplement needs to routinely contain very much potassium unless forage intake is low. Calcium is another important electrolyte, but it is lost in sweat in only very small amounts and its availability in the diet tends to be very good.

Calcium is particularly abundant in alfalfa with each kilogram of the forage providing nearly 1.5g of calcium. A kilo of alfalfa alone would therefore go a long way towards replacing the likely calcium loss through sweating. In addition, the calcium found in alfalfa is very ‘available’ to the horse in comparison to other sources, such as limestone. Calcium gluconate is another very available source of calcium, however, it has a relatively low calcium content compared to limestone (9% vs. 38%) and so much more needs to be fed to achieve an equivalent calcium intake. Interestingly, there is great variation between individual horses in their ability to absorb calcium, however, scientific studies carried out at Edinburgh Vet School showed that this variability was considerably less when a natural calcium source in the form of alfalfa was fed.

By far the most important electrolytes to add to the feed are sodium and chloride or ‘salt’. The levels of sodium and chloride found in forage are quite low and due to manufacturing constraints only limited amounts of salt can be added to traditional racing feeds. A typical Racehorse Cube fed at a daily intake of 5kg (11lbs) would provide only about 20g of sodium and 30g of chloride. As can be seen from table 2 this is a fair way short of meeting the daily requirements for these particular electrolytes by a racehorse in hard work.

It is therefore very important that supplemental sodium and chloride is fed. Ordinary table salt is by far the simplest and most economical electrolyte supplement, but the downside is the issue of palatability as the addition of larger quantities of salt to the daily feed can cause problems with horses ‘eating up’. As an alternative salt could be added to the water, but only when a choice of water with and without salt is offered. Salt should not be added to the water if it puts a horse off from drinking, as dehydration will become a problem.

Inadequate water intake can also contribute to impaction colic. Saltlicks are another alternative, although intake can be very variable and we rely on the horse’s innate ability to realise its own salt requirements, which is questionable. So addition to the feed is by far the best route for adding salt or electrolyte supplements to the diet. Splitting the daily intake between two or three feeds can reduce problems with palatability.

Mixing salt and Lo Salt can make another simple DIY electrolyte supplement in the proportion of for example 500g to 250g respectively. Salt is sodium chloride (NaCl), whilst Lo Salt contains a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride (KCl). This formulation provides 3g of sodium, 6g of chloride and 1g of potassium per 10g measure. This DIY mixture will replace these electrolytes in the approximate proportions that they are lost in sweat. What are the implications of a racehorse’s diet containing too little or too much of an electrolyte and how can we assess this? An inadequate level of certain electrolytes in the diet in some horses may simply result in reduced performance. In other individuals, it can make them more susceptible to conditions such as rhabdomyolysis (tying up), or synchronous diaphragmatic flutter (thumps), both of which are regularly seen in horses in training. Conversely, an excess electrolyte intake is efficiently dealt with by the kidneys and is ultimately removed from the body via the urine.

Therefore, the most obvious effect of an excessive electrolyte intake is increased drinking and urination. For this reason, the use of water buckets rather than automatic drinkers is preferred, as whilst the latter are far more labour efficient, the ability to assess water intake daily is lost. Excessive electrolyte intake can also be a causative factor in diarrhoea and some forms of colic. There is also some recent evidence in the scientific press that suggests that repeated electrolyte supplementation might aggravate gastric ulcers. However, these early studies used an electrolyte administration protocol typical of that seen during endurance racing, rather than simply a daily or twice daily administration, which is more commonly used in racing.

Supplements that contain forms of electrolyte that dissolve more slowly in the stomach, however, may be less aggressive to the sensitive mucosa. Unfortunately blood levels of sodium, potassium, chloride or calcium are poor indicators of whether dietary intake is sufficient or excessive unless it is very severe. This is because the body has effective systems for regulating the levels of these electrolytes in blood within very tight physiological limits. A creatinine clearance test, which measures the electrolyte content of a paired blood and urine sample is a much more useful indicator of dietary electrolyte adequacy.

There are a large number of commercial electrolyte products available, with a wide range in the breadth of ingredients that they contain. Consequently, they vary enormously in the amount of electrolyte that they deliver per recommended daily dose, as can be seen in table 3. In addition, whilst some glucose or other carbohydrate can help improve palatability, its presence should not compromise the amount of electrolyte that is contained within the supplement. In humans, it is recognised that the uptake of sodium from the gut is improved in the presence of glucose, while this effect in horses has not been firmly established. Electrolyte paste products are also often used either before and or after racing or travel.

These products are useful as they allow rapid electrolyte intake even when feed eaten may be reduced following racing. These electrolyte pastes often provide a more concentrated form of supplement and it is extremely important to ensure that the horse has access to water immediately following their use. Failure to do this may mean that the concentration of electrolytes in the gut actually draws water from the circulating blood, which can exacerbate dehydration. Another disadvantage with paste supplements is that if they are not formulated well, with an appropriate consistency, they can be difficult to dispense from a syringe and the horse may also be able to spit most of the product out after administration.

Some simple rules of thumb for choosing a good electrolyte are that salt should be one of the first ingredients listed on pack, as all ingredients are listed in descending order of inclusion. Additionally, be wary of supplements that taste sweet, as they may contain a lot of carbohydrate filler and little electrolyte. Some electrolyte supplements also contain many superfluous ingredients such as vitamins and trace minerals. The inclusion of these latter ingredients is largely unwarranted and their presence could cause issues with oversupply if the electrolyte is multi-dosed daily. Some electrolyte products specifically marketed towards racing may also contain bicarbonate.

The theory behind its inclusion is sound as ‘milk shaking’, whilst outside the rules of racing, has some scientific validity. However, the limited amount of bicarbonate contained in such electrolyte supplements is unlikely to have the positive effect on performance attributed to the former practice. Other extra ingredients such as pre-biotics may be more useful as they may improve the absorption of some electrolytes. In Summary, electrolyte supplementation in one form or another is essential within a racing diet. Ensuring that you are using a good electrolyte supplement is important and the quantities fed must be flexible and respond to changes in the level of work, degree of sweating and climate.

Racetrack Fracture Support Equipment - coming to North America this summer

Words - Ian Wright

Over the last six months, British racecourses have taken a major step forward in racehorse welfare by being provided with fracture support systems (Figure 1). These consist of two sizes of compression boots and flexion splints, both for use in the forelimbs; and a set of modular adjustable splints. Together, these provide appropriate rigid external support for the vast majority of limb fractures that occur during racing. The general principles are that management of all fractures is optimized by applying rapid and appropriate support to provide stability, reduce pain and relieve anxiety. 

Figure 1

The fracture support systems are about to make their debut in North America with trials due to take place this summer and fall with the support of the National HBPA.

The fracture support system is provided in two mobile impact resistant carrying boxes that protect the equipment and allow it to be checked before racing. All boots and splints are permanently labeled with individual racecourse identification to ensure return of equipment if it leaves the racetrack. 

In the last 25 years there have been major improvements in fracture treatment due to significant advances in surgical techniques (particularly with internal fixation), minimally invasive approaches (arthroscopy) and the use of computed tomography (CT). Arthroscopy and CT allow accurate mapping and alignment of fractures, which is important for all and critical for athletic soundness. All have contributed to improvements in survival rates; and it is now safe to say that with correct care, the vast majority of horses that sustain fractures in racing can be saved. Equally importantly, many can also return to full athletic function including racing. 

Fracture incidences and locations vary geographically and are influenced by race types, track surfaces and conditions. There is good evidence that the majority of non-fall related fractures, i.e. those occurring in flat racing and between obstacles in jump racing, are caused by bone fatigue. This is determined by the absolute loads applied to a bone, their speed/frequency and the direction of force application. As seen with stress or fatigue failure in other high-performance working materials in which applied forces are relatively consistent, fractures in racehorse bones occur at common sites, in particular configurations, and follow similar courses. Once the fracture location has been identified, means of counteracting forces which distract (separate) the bone parts can therefore be reliably predicted and countered. 

Worldwide, the single most common racing fracture is that of the metacarpal/metatarsal condyles (condylar fracture). In Europe, the second most common fracture is a sagittal/parasagittal fracture of the proximal phalanx (split pastern). Both are most frequent in the forelimbs. 

In the United States, particularly when racing on dirt, mid-body fractures of both proximal sesamoid bones, which destabilize the fetlock (almost always in the forelimbs), are the most common reason for on-course euthanasia. They occur less frequently when racing on turf. 

There is no specific data documenting outcomes of horses that have sustained fractures on racecourses. However, there is solid data for the two most common racing injuries. The figures below are a meta-analysis of published data worldwide.

CONDYLAR FRACTURES

• Repaired incomplete fractures: 80% returned to racing

• Complete non-displaced fractures: 66% of repaired fractures returned to racing

• Displaced fractures: 51% raced following repair

• Propagating fractures: 40% raced following repair

SPLIT PASTERN

• Short incomplete fractures: 65% returned to racing

• Long incomplete fractures: 61% returned to racing

• Complete fractures: 51% returned to racing

• Comminuted fractures in most circumstances end racing careers but with appropriate support and surgical repair, many horses can be saved. There is only one comprehensive series of 64 cases in the literature of which 45 (70%) of treated cases survived.

MID BODY SESAMOID FRACTURES

• Uni-axial (single) fractures: 53% raced following screw repair

• Bi-axial (both) fractures are career ending but can be salvaged with appropriate emergency support and arthrodesis (fusion) of the fetlock joint. Results of a single series of 52 cases are available in which 65% of horses were able to have unrestricted activity post-operatively primarily as breeding animals

The science behind the development of the fracture support systems comes from two directions. The first is data collected from racecourse injuries and the second, improved understanding of fracture courses and behavior. Data collected from UK flat racecourses between 2000 and 2013 demonstrated that 66% of fractures occurred in the lower limb (from knee and hock down) and of that over 50% of fractures involved the fetlock joints. Condylar fractures are most common, representing 27% of all reported fractures; and of these, approximately two thirds occurred in the forelimbs. Split pasterns were the second most common, accounting for 19% of all fractures with three quarters of these occurring in the forelimbs. These fractures have predictable planes and courses, which means that once recognized, they can effectively be immobilized in a standard manner that is optimal for each fracture type. For condylar fractures and split pasterns, this principally involves extension of the fetlock joint. By contrast, in order to preserve soft tissues and blood supply to the lower limb, fractures of the sesamoid bones require fetlock flexion. 

Figure 2

Figure 3

The compression boot is readily applied “trackside” and can be used to stabilize most distal forelimb fractures sufficiently for horses to be humanly moved off the course. It is the temporary immobilization of choice for forelimb condylar fractures and split pasterns (Figure 3). Radiographs can be taken with the boot in place (Figure 4), and this can be maintained for transport. The boot is a rigid construct of fiberglass made from a single mold. The divided front portion is contiguous with a foot plate on which the back of the boot is hinged.  Two sizes are available with internal foot widths of 135 and 160mm (5–6 inches). Removable foot inserts are also provided to make minor adjustments for hoof size. The boot is lined with foam rubber and has a rubber sole plate that protects the shell and provides a cushion grip for the foot. When the boot is opened, the injured limb is placed into the front of the boot while the back is closed and secured by sequential adjustment of ski boot clips. When the boot edges are apposed (it cannot be over tightened), immobilization is secure. It is made with a fixed fetlock angle of 150o which counteracts distracting forces and allows horses to weight-bear and load the limb to walk. 

Figure 4

Flexion splints (Figure 5) are critical for the survival of horses with breakdown injuries such as sesamoid fractures. They are also suitable for other lower limb injuries, which are supported by fetlock and pastern flexion such as tendon and suspensory ligament injuries and lacerations. The splints are made of aluminum alloy with a secure work-hardened foot plate and conjoined compressed foam-lined front splint, which is angled 30o at the level of the coffin joint and extends to the top of the cannon. Here, there is a shallow foam-covered concavity in which the upper cannon sits, allowing the horse to lean into the splint and load the leg while flexed. The splint is secured to the leg with nylon and Velcro straps. Splints are provided with internal foot widths of 135 and 160mm (5–6 inches) to accommodate variations in horse/hoof sizes.

The modular adjustable splints (Figure 6) are made from heat-treated aluminum alloy. They are lightweight and can be configured to fit the individual horse and regional needs. The splints are 38x19mm (1.5x0.75in) rectangular tubes with an enclosed locking screw I beam. They are light but rigid and secure and are tolerated well. In the hindlimb, the reciprocal apparatus which combines stifle, hock and fetlock joint positions precludes use of a compression boot. However, modular splints provide rigid support for condylar fractures and split pasterns in hindlimbs and are secured—over a bandage to create a parallel sided tube—on the inside and outside of the limb. The splints can also be adjusted and assembled to splint fractures that occur above the fetlock (Figure 7). 

Figure 7

Appropriate immobilization effectively stops fracture progression (i.e., getting worse) which not only improves the horse's prospects for recovery but also provides effective relief from pain and anxiety. As flight animals, loss of limb control or function is a major contributor to stress. The relief provided by effective immobilization is substantially greater than provided by any pain killer or sedative. It is also recognized that when fractures occur in the high-adrenaline environment of racing, horses exhibit latent pain syndrome. Application of appropriate rigid support at this time (i.e., on the track) limits pain generation and allows humane movement for considered evaluation, X-ray, etc., away from the racetrack. 

In the UK, techniques for application of the boots and splints are taught to racetrack veterinary surgeons at annual seminars run by the Association of Racecourse Veterinary Surgeons (ARVS). The Racecourse Association (RCA) has provided forms to record use and to collect data centrally which, in the fullness of time, will determine impact and help to guide future welfare strategies. 

Providing modern, scientifically rational equipment to racecourses has done two things in the UK. First, injured horses are optimally cared for immediately and secondly, it sends out a strong positive public relations message that people involved in racing care. The initiative has been widely welcomed by the British racing industry. “This new equipment will provide the best possible chance for an injury to be properly assessed while discomfort to the horse is significantly reduced and give the best chance of future rehabilitation” Caroline Davies, RCA (Racecourse Association) - Racecourse Services Director.

“The fracture support [system] kit is a major advance in the treatment of horses on the racetrack. It allows immediate effective support to be applied to an injured horse, resulting in pain control and stability, facilitating safe transport from the racecourse to a center of excellence without risk of exacerbating the injury. This will optimize the chance of horses to return to athletic function. This innovation must be seen as a major step forward in horse welfare for the participants in racing and all other equine disciplines.” Simon Knapp, Horse Welfare Board.

Go Canada - innovations to support breeders and buyers in Ontario

Words - Ken Snyder

With apologies to patriotic Canadians everywhere, the “O” that begins the nation’s stirring and beautiful national anthem might be adopted and altered by the Ontario horse industry to “Go Canada.” A reason?  Divide 173 race days (133 at Woodbine, 40 at Fort Erie) by approximately $65 million CAD in purse money. Go Canada indeed.

“If you have a good horse, there is an opportunity to make significant money here in Ontario,” said Peter Berringer, president of the Canadian Thoroughbred Horse Society and also someone with “skin in the game,” as they say.

He is a trainer with both a small string stabled at Woodbine and broodmares and stallions at his farm, Aurora Meadows in Rockwood Ontario, west of Toronto. He, like other Canadian trainers, is in the hunt for purse money that might surprise those in the horse industry. Statistics for 2021 from The Jockey Club (TJC) show that 1,853 Ontario starters earned $43,612,419 USD ($56,790,117.87 CAD) or $23,536 ($30,646.39 CAD)  in earnings per runner last year. The figure beats the same statistics for California, Florida, Louisiana and Texas.  

Earnings, however, are only a part of the story. Financial incentives to breeders in Ontario through a Mare Purchase Program (MPP) and Mare Recruitment Program (MRP)* make investments in Ontario racing worthwhile both for the present and in the future in breeding and racing. The MPP provides Ontario buyers of in-foal mares at select U.S. horse sales 50% of the purchase price up to $25,000 CAD.  Sales include Wannamaker’s Online Sale; Fasig-Tipton November Breeding Stock, MidAtlantic Winter Mixed, and Kentucky Winter Mixed sales; the OBS Winter Mixed Sale; and Keeneland November Breeding Stock Sale and January Horses of All Ages Sale. Additionally, there is a $2,500 CAD incentive for every mare bred back to a registered Ontario sire.

With Ontario horse sales under the recruitment program, mare owners bringing an in-foal mare into the province can receive $5,000 CAD through a Thoroughbred Improvement Program (TIP). The incentive applies to up to five in-foal mares per owner or entity. The $2,500 CAD incentive for breeding back to a registered Ontario sire applies also as with mare purchasing. 

Berringer said a few new stallions annually come into the province but that “the issue is we don’t have a large number of resident mares. 

“Mare Recruitment is trying to help us build Ontario-bred numbers,” said Berringer. “People will foal here and hopefully, with the incentives, people will breed back here. Then, when they have their horses, they’re probably going to benefit the most financially by racing in Ontario because you’re running for 40-percent bonuses if you’re running an Ontario-sired, Ontario-bred horse.” He added that the goal is twofold: to drive the Ontario horse population and increase the quality of the stock running in the province.

PETER BERRINGER

Funding for both the MPP and the MRP is through the TIP and comes from a pari mutuel tax returned by the government to the horse industry. Breeding programs total over $7 million CAD from the TIP, according to Berringer.

Ontario-breds are more than just important to racing in the province, according to Berringer. “It’s pivotal to racing. A strong breeding development program relates directly to our local horse sales and the racing product. We need a strong breeding program to have sustainable racing.”

Government statistics estimate that 45,000 people in Ontario depend on or benefit from horse breeding and racing, but Berringer thinks the figure might be low. “You have to be able to sustain all those farms and spinoff jobs on the farm and farm-related, which are imperative to the economic sustainability of rural communities.”

Berringer, as a farm owner, is sensitive to the impact of breeding and racing on operations and individuals not directly related to horse racing. His introduction to Thoroughbreds was working as a teenager at an uncle’s farm. “It was a multifaceted Thoroughbred farm with usually 60 to 120 horses at capacity in the winter. There were stallions and broodmares, yearlings and racehorses. I was lucky to have exposure to handling stallions, breeding and reproductive exposure, foaling, yearling sales prep, yearling sales, and breaking and training,” he said.

Transitioning to training came in his late 20’s when he was, at that time, the farm’s general manager/trainer. “I started to focus on training and racing because of the action and reducing my farm business to outside clients and a successful horse quarantine operation that I was operating for international horses.” On the farm, he met and worked with successful trainers and owners, and had exposure to top-tier Canadian champions.

Increased responsibilities on the farm along with obtaining a university degree while still working on the farm in the 1980s fed a burgeoning passion not just for the horses but the business.

This passion puts him on the tip of the spear for challenges not just facing his own racing and farm operations, but all Canadian horsemen and horsewomen. Canada’s tax structure for the horse industry is, according to Berringer, “the biggest detriment to our racing program.” It calls for a write-off of $17,600 [CAD] per entity per owner, a pittance compared to the U.S. tax structure that this year allows a 100% deduction of the purchase price of a horse. Lobbying efforts to improve the tax structure in Canada have been ongoing for some time but without much, if any, progress.  

In addition to incentives, there are also efforts on the racetrack to benefit Ontario horsemen and horsewomen. The Heritage Series of eight races for three-year-old Ontario-sired horses—four for fillies and four for colts—is in its second year divided between six races at Woodbine and two at Fort Erie between July and September. The Series provides an obvious boon to Ontario-sired horses to run in restricted stakes races. Last year, the first for the Series, purses for the eight races totaled $750,000. This year purses will increase from $80,000 to $100,000 per race. Horses accumulate points over multiple races with the points leader among fillies and colts earning a $20,000 bonus. Second- and third-place finishers in points earn bonuses of $10,000 and $5,000.

Lastly, if not most importantly, Ontario’s annual Premier yearling sale, this year at the Woodbine Sales Pavilion on August 31, generates interest and sales for Ontario-breds and not just within the province.  Berringer said many American owners with Canadian trainers as well as American trainers who race in Canada shop the Premier sales. “If you’re racing up here, it’s good to have an Ontario-bred horse because it gives you eligibility to a substantial and lucrative incentive program and bonuses as well as a possible place in the Queen’s Plate with a million-dollar purse as well as other stakes races.” 

Probably surprising to U.S. buyers are Canadian exports to U.S. sales. “There are 100 to 150 yearlings that sell every year down in Kentucky that are Ontario-bred,” said Berringer.

If Ontario racing is highly aggressive among racing jurisdictions in its breeding programs and incentives, it is, quite frankly, because it has to be. The COVID pandemic provides a prime example. “COVID really knocked the industry down when there were no spectators. At least in the U.S., spectators were allowed and business went on. We didn’t have any of that.” Adding to empty grandstands, Ontario racing, which usually begins in April, was pushed back to a June start in both 2020 and 2021. American racing, for the most part, continued the same meet schedules in the COVID restrictions.

Of course, Ontario racing right now experiences the same issues facing other racing jurisdictions in the U.S. All have horse shortages. Ontario may be complimented, though, for creating a means to minimize the effect on field sizes and typically producing fields larger than that in the U.S. Berringer points to racing secretaries at Woodbine both adding conditions and combining them to draw more entries into races. A recent Saturday at Woodbine and Santa Anita showed 84 starters for 10 races at Woodbine (8.4 per race) and only 68 starters for the same number of races at Santa Anita (6.8).  

Another issue shared by Ontario with the U.S. is a chronic labor shortage. The situation may be more acute in Canada than in the U.S. with a smaller immigrant base from which to draw. “A lot of the people that come to Canada are from Barbados and Jamaica to work on the backstretch, and it’s getting more and more difficult to obtain work permits. It’s increased over COVID,” said Berringer. The U.S., by contrast, has Central and South American countries with larger populations that have traditionally supplied their horse industry. The impact can be seen, said Berringer, by some U.S. stables who formerly came to Ontario to race, no longer coming north.

Home-grown efforts are underway to address labor shortages. Berringer points to a new program that the Ontario government started this year, which trains people for the horse industry and then provides financial assistance for the continuation of training. He takes a wait-and-see attitude toward the impact it may have. “It’s hard to find people to do this work early in the morning.” That goes for both Ontario and the U.S. 

The one major difference between Canadian racing and American, and where Canadian racing is most lacking in comparison is with new owners. There is just not the population base or large enough body of families historically involved in racing in Canada as in the U.S. “Racing struggles with this everywhere and probably the creation of a large fractional owner syndicate, and introducing people to the sport and excitement of it all, hopefully, will encourage new participants and they’ll purchase more and invest more in the industry once they get a taste for it; but it’s a struggle to find new breeders and owners,” said Berringer. 

He noted that leading Canadian trainer Josie Carroll, along with other top trainers in the U.S., receives horses bought by MyRacehorse, a syndicate offering “micro shares” that has been successful both in terms of business and on the racetrack. MyRacehorse, still in relative infancy, was part owner of the 2020 Kentucky Derby winner, Authentic.

Canada’s horse industry, not surprisingly, is dependent on its larger neighbor to the south, with a much larger selection of stallions. “It used to be a couple of years ago; it was 70 percent local horses produced [in Ontario],” said Berringer. “Now, it’s a fifty-fifty split.” He added that it is a trend more attributable to a decrease in Ontario of local breeding participants than an increase in U.S. stallions. 

Quantity, however, does not necessarily dictate quality. Bigger purses divided by a smaller pool of horses, as cited in the opening of this story, improve the odds for earnings with Ontario horsemen and horsewomen. “You’ve got to put it in perspective. In Ontario, we’re probably producing just over 750 foals a year. Statistically, there’s a lot more money for our foals than a lot of other jurisdictions.”

A point of pride with Berringer and other Canadians in the horse industry is the success of Ontario-breds. Say the Word, Channel Maker, and Count Again, who recently won a Gr. 1 race in California are only three of many Ontario-breds succeeding on the racetrack. Recently retired Pink Lloyd, sired by Old Forester, is, perhaps, the biggest star of Ontario-breds. Career earnings totaled $2,455,430 and included five Sovereign Awards for Champion Male Springer and the 2017 Sovereign Award for Horse of the Year. Incredibly, his wins were in 26 stakes races. Let it not be forgotten as well that the dam of this year’s Kentucky Derby winner Rich Strike is Gold Strike, Canada’s Sovereign Award Champion 3YO Filly in 2005.

The issue for Ontario racing isn’t good horses, apparently; it is just the need for more of them. With breeding programs, added racing for Ontario-breds, and the Premier sales, it won’t be for lack of trying. That especially holds true for Berringer, who is quick with a quip: “I still love horses and horse racing and still enjoy going home to the farm every day--ok most days--to work.  

Go Canada.

*Applications for the MPP and MRP by Ontario horsemen and horsewomen are available at the Canadian Thoroughbred Horse Society’s website, cthsont.com, under “Breed” and then “Incentives.”

HISA: Devilish details defined

Words - Annie Lambert

Not everyone required to opt into the Horseracing Integrity & Safety Act is pleased to oblige. The confusing regulations have left many with less than a clear understanding of what the new rules actually mean. Those details have constantly fluctuated and will probably continue to shift past their application.

Not everyone hates the idea, however. The intent was to make United States Thoroughbred racing safe, fair and ethical for everyone involved through national uniform standards. The legislation, H.R. 1754 passed in 2020 as part of a COVID-19 relief bill. Once signed by President Donald J. Trump, HISA officially became law.

(An introductory overview of HISA can be found in Issue 62/Breeders’ Cup 2021 of Trainer magazine on page 26.)

The legislation includes racetrack safety program protocols that began July 1, as well as anti-doping and medication control regulations, under the direction of Drug Free Sports International, to be finalized by January 1, 2023. The governing body of HISA, referred to as the “Authority” in the legislation, did not leave an abundance of time for the busy and independent members of the racing community to thoroughly digest the new rules and oversights before being asked/required to become obligated by registering themselves and their horses. The Authority refers to those within their jurisdiction as “covered,” such as covered horses and covered persons. 

According to the Authority, as of June 29th, 20,537 people and 23,070 horses were registered. In addition, 20 of 24 states under HISA Authority were in agreement or expected to comply.

Not signing up means a person or horse may not participate in racing. Once signed up, however, being misinformed or not following the rules can land people and equines severe punishments, large monetary fines and/or disqualification from industry participation.

To date, stakeholders who feel the regulations are overly invasive and confusing appear to outnumber those who believe HISA is necessary to save the horseracing industry.

Digesting the Law

Signing your name to a contract that is technically not complete and subject to changes that may influence your livelihood understandably terrifies any human nature. The extensive rules, regulations, protocols and punishments for non-compliance seem daunting.

An undertone from the backsides of many racetracks suggests that horsemen would feel more comfortable if they had additional time to digest the legislation prior to registering. Instead of the July 1, 2022 deadline, how about pushing the implementation to 2023?

HISA’s CEO, Lisa Lazarus, implied publicly the law was the law, in spite of aggressive timelines; the Authority has been responding to some of the many questions posed by the public. They will continue to educate racing industry participants. 

According to HISA’s Liz Beadle, they are unsure what to expect when it comes to the number of probable stakeholder registrations. 

“We aren’t going to venture a guess,” Beadle offered via an email. “Since such a registration process has never existed at the national level before, it’s unclear how many people and horses are or will be participating in racing. It should be noted that the universe of people expected to register is limited to the 24 states conducting covered horse races under HISA’s authority.”

Basically, everyone now licensed by any state racing commission must be registered by HISA to continue to work and/or run horses or work with horses (such as vendors) within restricted areas of the tracks. Any horse in training or racing at an approved racing facility must also be registered. There are no fees required to register, and you need only register one time. Those registered may unregister at any time.

People responsible for registering horses, usually the trainer, are required to keep daily records for each animal. Records required include any administered medications, therapeutic procedures, treatments and surgical procedures. Those records must be given to regulatory veterinarians, stewards and HISA when requested, making it important that they be updated daily.

Owners and jockeys must also register for HISA “to participate in Thoroughbred racing.” If an owner’s horse is not in the care of a trainer, it is the owner’s responsibility to register his horse. 

Trainers are required to complete continuing education classes for licensing, in addition to registering all horses in their care. As noted previously, they must agree to keep health, vaccination, training and daily treatment records for each horse in their care. Fortunately there is Equine MediRecord, a relatively new enterprise, specializing in securing those daily records. (See Sidebar #1)

Trainers entering a horse into a claiming race have given their consent to transfer that horse’s veterinary and treatment records from the prior 60 days to the new owner, should it be claimed. Claims will be voided if the horse dies or is euthanized on the track, has a positive test, bleeds or is unsound within one hour post-race. 

Claimed horses are required to go to the test barn. Whether those horses will be tested is unclear. If tested, who will pay for that protocol? The claimed horse will be immediately transferred to new connections, but what happens if a test comes back positive weeks later? A voided claim could end up in more litigation.

Covered riders—jockeys and exercise riders—are required to participate in continuing education, to take a physical exam and complete a baseline concussion protocol test. They will be required to use HISA-approved safety vests and helmets. A medical history card is to be carried inside the vest when on a horse. Riders are also obliged to study and follow new riding crop rules.

Only approved riding crops will be allowed under HISA rules and may be inspected by the safety officer, stewards and the clerk of the scales. The specifications include being a maximum weight of eight ounces, no more than 30 inches in length with a set amount of shock-absorbing material.

Enforcement of the crop specifications may be postponed to August 1, 2022, due to a shortage of manufacturing resources.

Use of the riding crop, for jockey or exercise rider, is only to maintain the horse’s attention for safety and encouragement. A rider may only use the crop on the hindquarters a maximum of six times during a race. The crop is only to be used two or fewer times before allowing at least two strides for the horse to respond before using the crop again.

A rider may tap the horse on the shoulder with the crop when both hands are on the reins and touching the neck. It is legal to show/wave at the horse with the crop without physical contact. It is not legal to raise the crop with the rider’s wrist above the helmet.

New horseshoe regulations will not be enforced until August 1, 2022, to ensure adequate inventory of HISA compliant shoes.

Basically, on both fore and hind feet, toe grabs, bends, jar calks, stickers and traction nails will be prohibited on all dirt, synthetic and turf surfaces during training and racing. The only exception is for full rim that is two millimeters or less in height from ground surface of the shoe and that extends the entire circumference of the shoe, used only on dirt and synthetic surfaces.

Purportedly, bar shoes, pads, glue on shoes, quarter crack patches may only be applied by a covered veterinarian. Those official regulations, however, will come in another phase of the bill.

Edicts & Concerns

An open letter was sent to Lazarus on behalf of the Thoroughbred Horsemen’s Associations, Inc, Kentucky Thoroughbred Association, Thoroughbred Owners of California and Thoroughbred Owners and Breeders. The communication pointed to several areas of concern for stakeholders within the legislation. 

Many horsemen outside the organizations cited by this letter have similar concerns and more. Here are a few:

HISA has been vague in defining some of the rules and protocols. For example, there is not clear guidance as to what is permitted at training facilities and out of competition horses (layups) as compared to racetracks. Perhaps a list of approved training facilities and farms, including which HISA rules will be enforced at these facilities.

Medication lists, classification types and protocols seem to be lacking clarification. To date there is no list of controlled medications with guidance for legal usage. Most medication violations stem from controlled therapeutic medications used to enhance equine quality of life. A therapeutic use exemption could be useful.

There should be a distinction between prohibited medication and controlled medication violations. As now written in HISA, every violation of every type requires unnecessary and costly legal defense costs. Prohibited substances that show up during testing due to accidental contamination causes reputational harm to stakeholders when officials overreact and go public before investigating thoroughly. 

There should be distinct definitions between punishments prescribed to prohibited substances, specified substances and controlled medications. After all, very few positive tests can be attributed to actual doping incidents each year.

The confusion and conflicts created by the aggressive enactment of the HISA legislation causes concern that egregious problems could arise when the Anti-Doping and Medication Control Program (ADMC) is executed January 1, 2023.

So many factors within HISA deserved more oversight by horsemen before being written into the law. Little things like allowing suspended horses to train while not able to race. Allowing ownership groups to decide which principle should be the managing partner. Collecting a post-race urine sample at the horse’s stall (with regulatory oversight) when he cannot relax and provide urine at the test barn. 

Better definitions for “race day” and “official timed works.” The overreach of the HISA Authority having a say in when a horse should be retired is wrong in any horseman’s realm. Owners, not a non-horseman entity, should make the decision of retirement.

Litigation & Money Woes 

Multiple lawsuits have been filed on behalf of state racing commissions and other racing entities. The courts have overruled most suits, while others are pending appeal. The Texas Racing Commission (TRC) has declined to abide by HISA’s federally mandated program.

Texas law cites that only the TRC can make rules and regulations for Texas racing. HISA demands that state racing commissions enforce the rules and regulations per HISA. 

Amy Cook, executive director of the TRC, has announced that Texas will allow wagering on out-of-state racing signals at simulcast locations in the state. The TRC will not, however, allow pari-mutuel wagering at a Texas meet that is HISA-compliant or the export of simulcast signals to other states.

According to Cook, all pending requests for approval of the import and export of pari-mutuel simulcast signals will be considered and approved on a case-by-case basis. Texas horse racing will therefore be confined to Texas. It has been predicted that the state will take a financial hit from the decision; it remains to be seen if the ominous financial predictions come to fruition.

Litigation was recently filed on behalf of Louisiana and West Virginia, their respective state racing commissions, the Louisiana Horsemen’s Benevolent and Protective Association, Louisiana Thoroughbred Breeders Association, the Jockeys’ Guild and several Louisiana individuals considered “covered persons” under the Authority.

The complaint basically cited that HISA was unconstitutional by overstepping state racing commissions, has multiple violations of the Administrative Procedure Act and violated the Fourth and Seventh Amendments of the U.S. Constitution, which guarantee a right to a jury trial and protection against unreasonable search and seizures.

A federal judge in Louisiana denied the litigants’ request but gave the defendants in the suit—HISA, its CEO Lisa Lazarus and the Authority’s board members, the FTC and individuals associated with the FTC—until July 14 to respond to the motion.

One of the great unknowns regarding HISA has always been, “Who pays what and how?” That question has only been partially and vaguely answered. Racetrack operators, industry stakeholders and the betting public obviously have monetary concerns. HISA’s first year operating budget is roughly $14.3 million.

Fees are calculated whereby those states or tracks with the highest handle, purses and number of starts will pay the largest assessments. Each state racing commission decides whether to opt in or out of collecting and remitting fees for the program. If a commission opts out, the responsibility falls to the tracks and horsemen.

Five states have chosen to fund their portion of HISA: California, Colorado, Kentucky, Minnesota and Virginia. Each state has a little different formula for collecting their fees.

For example, California will owe $1.4 million to the Authority for 2022. The state purportedly will split the payment between Thoroughbred horsemen, through purse revenues, and Thoroughbred racetracks, via commissions, from their share of Advance Deposit Wagering (ADW). The California Horse Racing Board has stated this will not affect bettors.

The other states are funding their HISA invoice in a variety of ways, and some have yet to make a decision. 

Out in the Cold

A Facebook page titled Horsemen Arguing HISA has arguably exposed sincere concern and even fear from stakeholders who are looking at their livelihoods vanishing directly in front of them. 

Their main concerns circle around fairness to backstretch workers, the fact that not enough input in the HISA legislation came from horsemen and that the true welfare of the horses has been overlooked in some areas. Were stakeholders left out in the cold as rules and regulations were written?

With no or little input from horsemen, those industry workers have suspicions that animal activists like People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) may have influencers among those within HISA. Many questions and concerns submitted to the HISA website and at various meetings across the country went unanswered.

Prohibited protocols and penalties are also worries for the horsemen. Why is it taboo to ice a horse pre-race? Human athletes use ice in competition regularly. How can it be prohibited to fire shins on horses (beginning with the 2022 foal crop), but legal to fire splints and curbs?

Investigative powers seem over-the-top to many on the backside. The Authority would have access to all properties and places of business with the right of seizure for covered persons in question?

The concerns go on and on, as does a growing distrust. Covered persons have had trouble being heard by those in charge of HISA—a lack of communication and transparency. Those under the HISA legislation would like to see it simplified using a more common sense approach.

On the Record

Equine MediRecord principles worked this year’s Preakness, including (l to r) Finlay Dargan, COO, Maryland Governor Larry Hogan, Pierce Dargan, CEO, and his fiancé, Alexandra May.

Most horsemen have a vivid aversion to bookkeeping. Understandably so… They’d much rather concentrate on training horses and keeping owners happy and informed.

The new Horseracing Integrity & Safety Act (HISA) requires trainers and veterinarians to maintain detailed, daily health and treatment records for equines in their care. Those records must be made available to regulatory veterinarians, stewards and HISA upon request. The record keeping also applies to layups that are being given rest time at off-track facilities.

Imagine the daily hours to keep up with a barn full of trainees. There is a solution—a software program—to ease the struggle.

Equine MediRecord became operational in 2018, the brainstorm of Pierce Dargan in County Kildare, Ireland. Dargan, a fifth-generation horseman, is the company’s CEO. Dargan’s system was created for his family’s training operation in Ireland to help keep current with racing regulations they faced at the time. 

Trainers sign up with Dargan’s company platform, which allows them to keep the precise and tedious records required by HISA. Those with multiple stables and facilities can add assistant trainers and veterinarians to assist with inputting information.

“What our system then does is notify the trainer when a record has been put in by someone else for them to sign off, ensuring they know at all times what is being given to their horses,” Dargan explained. “Any horse with an open treatment on our system will [be marked], to remind the trainer to check this horse before entering into any races as there is still a treatment in the horse’s profile; this ensures the withdrawal period is completed before they race.”

Presently, the cost is $1.50 per horse, per month for the initial year, increasing to $3.00 per horse-month the second year. “We wanted to make sure this was a tool that all trainers, big and small, could afford,” Dargan said. “One of the benefits of having clients globally is we can spread the costs, making it cheaper for all.”

 “We have done the Breeders’ Cup World Championships for the last two years, as well as the Pegasus World Cup, Saudi Cup and Preakness in 2022,” Dargan pointed out. “This has meant that top trainers such as Todd Pletcher, Chad Brown, Steve Asmussen and many others had to use the system to keep records for those races.”

“Seeing as [HISA] is the first time in the U.S. that trainers will be having to keep these records nationwide, we are now in discussions with multiple trainers to keep the system outside of these large racing events,” he added.

Sorting Through HISA 

The Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act of 2020 (HISA) contains many, many of pages of government speak. It can be confusing and difficult to discover the answers you are seeking. Perhaps knowing how the general categories are listed may help. HISA will hopefully include a search engine in the future.

Additional Perspectives on the Horseracing and integrity Act

Words - Peter J. Sacopulos

As the effective date of July 1, 2022, approached, the issues and inquiries regarding the  Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act (HISA) became immediate. These questions include inquiries from racetrack veterinarians as to their obligations for registering and reporting medication and treatment of Thoroughbred horses and from jockeys seeking guidance on whether the new rule regulating the use of the crop is effective between HISA’s start date of July 1, 2022, and the delayed enforcement of the use of the new crop on August 1, 2022. So too have been questions regarding the pending constitutional challenges and legal efforts to enjoin HISA. These issues have received significant attention by way of journal articles, HISA-sponsored “Town Hall Meetings” and national seminars. Conversely, HISA’s impact on those in the Thoroughbred industry outside of the United States have received limited analysis and discussion. 

As a practitioner representing licensees before regulators, I have received multiple inquiries from trainers outside the United States as to their obligations and their owners’ obligations relative to HISA. Additionally, I have received questions as to what, if any, impact HISA has regarding simulcast signals from tracks outside of the United States such as Woodbine in Canada. 

To comply with HISA, the foreign national trainer must register as a covered person. In fact, compliance with regard to registration and licensing is a three-step process for the foreign national Thoroughbred trainer. First, to comply with HISA, the international trainer is required to register as a covered person pursuant to 15 U.S.C.S. §3054(d). Second, he or she is required to apply for and secure a Thoroughbred trainer’s license from the jurisdiction (state) in which they will enter and race. For example, if the foreign national trainer has a Thoroughbred that will compete in this year’s Breeders’ Cup event, then he or she must have a current valid Thoroughbred trainer’s license issued by the State of Kentucky for the 2022 season. Third, the foreign national trainer must properly register the Thoroughbred horse(s) that he or she will enter and start with both the state and the HISA Authority. 

The rules requiring HISA registration are codified at 15 U.S.C.S. §3054(d). Online registration is available at https://www.hisaus.org/registration. Additionally, only days before the effective date, the Authority issued the “HISA Trainer Handbook,” which can be found at https://www.hisaus.org/home#resources. 

In registering, the foreign national trainer is responsible for and obligated to fully and completely understand and comply with all HISA requirements. Once properly registered and deemed a “covered person,” the foreign national trainer has certain ongoing obligations. For example, Thoroughbred trainers are required to complete four (4) hours of training annually pursuant to Section 2182(b)(5) of the rules governing the Racetrack Safety Program. Additionally, there are requirements for filing records relative to the medical care and treatment of horses. Also, the licensing and ongoing requirements for covered persons apply to owners of Thoroughbred horses. Therefore, it is recommended that the Thoroughbred trainer who is going through the registration process informs his or her owner of those requirements and sees that the owner(s) are properly registered as covered persons. 

The issue of HISA and control of a track’s signal is one that has received discussion and attention. In fact, one racing jurisdiction, the State of Texas, has refused to honor HISA. In response, the HISA Authority is prohibiting Texas tracks from exporting their simulcast signal across state lines. What is clear and defined relative to the HISA Authority’s right to control a simulcast signal is that a state that refuses to recognize and comply with HISA may be placed in a position of having its tracks prohibited from exporting the simulcast signal. Conversely, what has received little or no discussion, is how, if at all, HISA’s rule regarding simulcast signals will affect Canadian or European simulcasting. 

For example, it seems clear that HISA has no control or jurisdiction over Woodbine’s simulcast signal since it is outside the jurisdiction of the Authority and the FTC as it is located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Less clear, is what, if any, control HISA/the Authority has or may have over Sam Houston Race Park and Lone Star Park (Texas tracks) exporting its signal to Woodlawn. Should the Texas track(s) do so, it could be argued that the signal is being transmitted across state lines and, therefore, subject to HISA regulation. Conversely, it may also be argued that the signal is not “crossing state lines” but rather being transmitted to a foreign jurisdiction and not subject to HISA control or restrictions. The answer is unclear. Equally unclear is whether additional states will adopt the “Texas position” on HISA when HISA announces the “rest of the story”—that being each jurisdiction’s proportional share of the costs for the Anti-Doping and Controlled Medication part of the program. This expense is expected to be a multiple, perhaps many multiples, of each state’s assessed cost for implementing the Racetrack Safety Program.

The passing of the effective date of HISA and the ongoing and repeated modifications and changes, has resulted in additional questions. For example, the new crop rule, covered under Rule 2280 of the Racetrack Safety Program rules, became effective July 1, 2022. However, the riding crop specification rule will not be enforced until August 1, 2022. And, there is ongoing concern including the mandated registration for participation despite the anti-doping and medication rules not being submitted for public comment and approval by the FTC.

Also, there are and continue to be multiple challenges to the legality of HISA. The HBPA, together with twelve (12) of its affiliates, have a pending appeal before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in New Orleans, Louisiana. That lawsuit challenges the constitutionality of HISA on the basis that Article I, Section I of the United States Constitution, prohibits delegation of legislative authority to a private entity as well as for the reason that HISA violates the Due Process Clause of the United States Constitution. The State of Oklahoma, the Oklahoma Racing Commission, Tulsa County Public Facilities, Global Gaming RP, LLC d/b/a Remington Park, the State of Louisiana, the State of West Virginia, the West Virginia Racing Commission, the Oklahoma Quarter Horse Racing Association, Hanover Shoe Farms and the United States Trotting Association also have an appeal pending before the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit in Cincinnati, Ohio. In July, the State of Louisiana, the Louisiana State Racing Commission, the Louisiana HBPA, the Louisiana Thoroughbred Breeders Association, the Jockey’s Guild, Inc., the State of West Virginia, the West Virginia Racing Commission, and several individuals filed an additional (third) challenge to HISA that is pending before the United States District Court. That action seeks not only to find HISA unconstitutional but also seeks injunctive relief in the form of a temporary restraining order. That matter is set for hearing later in the month of July. 

The Horseracing Integrity and Safety Act is national federal legislation governing Thoroughbred racing in the United States. The authority and jurisdiction of HISA and its governing agency, the United States Federal Trade Commission, is limited to racetrack safety issues (presently) and anti-doping and medication issues next year in the U.S. However, the effects of HISA will be felt by those in Canada, Europe, and elsewhere outside the U.S. as the 2022 season continues and into the future. 

The Long Game - what can be done to bolster the “staying” division?

Words - Annie Lambert

North American distance races appear to have an ever-shrinking number of entries. The pool of horses willing and able to run a route of ground has slowly contracted. Finding a reason as to why, however, does not have a singular answer.

The Jockey Club statistics expose a downward trend in foals produced in the United States. The mid-1980s saw the high point with the 1985 foal crop exceeding 50,000 registered foals. But since that peak, the numbers have slipped. The economic downturn in 2008 caused many breeders to sell off or curtail breeding operations, which led to the number of foals falling from around 32,000 in 2008 to just over 17,000 in 2021.

That stunning 45% decline of potential runners could explain smaller fields, but not necessarily a loss of distance runners. Or could it?

Fewer horses to enter races with certain conditions revolves into a vicious circle; when racing secretaries cannot fill longer races, for example, they will inevitably offer fewer of them. 

It does not come across as though lagging purses are the biggest culprits, but it may be that breeders are looking toward pedigrees that produce runners with more speed than endurance. Do sprinters provide a faster return? Economics usually proves a strong motivator, especially in such a competitive industry as Thoroughbred horse racing.

Fewer breeders breeding fewer Thoroughbreds in general, plus more commercial breeders seeking speed that sells, could be a major factor.

One thing for certain is that no one can offer a definitive answer as to why it is difficult to fill races at classic distances. Solutions to the problem are also elusive. Those within the Thoroughbred racing industry will only offer personal hypotheses. 

Nature, Nurture & Breeding

The modern Thoroughbred’s ancestry traces back to foundation sires imported to Europe around the turn of the 17th century. The Darley Arabian, the Godolphin Arabian and the Byerly Turk, from the Mediterranean Middle East, were crossed on native English equines. The result was a horse that could carry weight while sustaining speed over extended distances.

The foundation Thoroughbred originated in Great Britain with its genetic origin being Arabian, which might suggest endurance. Generations of selective breeding have sped up the North American Thoroughbred. Study condition books from any racecourse, and you’ll find only a small percentage of distance races— those being one mile and one eighth or further.

When it comes to breeding, experts often disagree on the heritability factor of genes—heritability being a measurement of how completely a trait is passed down through the genes.

E. Gus Cothran, PhD, was formerly a research professor with the University of Kentucky’s Department of Veterinary Science. The emeritus professor is currently an advisor and consultant to the Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences (VIBS) at Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas. The retired professor believes racing performance has a heritability of 30–35%. The remaining 65–70% he attributes to non-inherited factors, the likes of training, nutrition and health care.

“Very few people understand heritability,” Cothran said. “It’s the trait itself that has the heritability of roughly a third. That means that about 30% of what causes the trait is genetic, and the rest of it is environmental. It has to do with training and upbringing; about a third is nature and two-thirds nurture.”

Having a low genetic contribution to the trait means it will be more difficult to select for thorough breeding, according to Cothran. A complicated trait is probably made up of multiple genes having to interact. For example, there are multiple genes that would contribute to speed.

“Typical animal improvement breeding practices, which means you pick the animals that have the traits you desire to the highest degree you can find, breed them together and hope they will produce individuals that are equal or better than the parents,” Cothran explained. “And you’d have to do that probably several generations to make a large improvement, if it is even possible.”

“There may be one gene that has a maximum contribution to speed, one form of it, [for example] a particular gene with muscle characteristics,” the professor added. “But by itself, it is only going to make up a little bit of the total package of the speed.”

Andy Havens, founder of Havens Bloodstock Agency, Inc. in California, sees the trend toward speed; but he believes his ideas as to why things have changed are merely guesses as there are no statistics to back up the ideas.

 “I think the phenomenon is real,” Havens said of vanishing distance horses. “For a number of years and for a number of reasons the trend has turned more toward speed-oriented racing on the dirt, going away from the European type distance horses. Most of the races, other than Del Mar, that were longer races have been shortened.”                

A Turn of Foot

California-based, multiple-graded stakes-winning trainer Leonard Powell believes a lot of breeders are looking toward marketing their equine product. Since speed sells, there may be fewer classic-distance horses being produced. Powell hails from a racing family in France, riding races and training there prior to relocating to the United States. He has had plenty of experience with route horses.

“We run all day in Europe and have one pace, and it isn’t that way here,” Powell pointed out. “We bring middle-distance horses here; you want a horse that has a turn of foot. He can go a mile, mile and one eighth. With tactical speed, you can be in a good spot.”

Powell noted that the racing office has trouble filling races going one mile and one eighth or further. Those races might draw five or six horses on a good draw, but if they drop the race back to one mile and one sixteenth, it will have a full field.

Jeff Mullins is based at Santa Anita and recently set up an annex stable at Gulfstream Park. He was hoping the condition book in Florida would provide more opportunities, and larger purses, for his distance runners; that turned out not to be the case. 

“A lot of those [classic distance] horses have gone elsewhere, where there is more money,” Mullins opined. “If you go to Churchill or Keeneland or Oaklawn, those purses are higher than California.”

Mullins, with career earnings approaching $55 million, has won graded stakes with imported horses, the likes of Itsinthepost (FR), Battle of Hastings (GB) and River Boyne (IRE). He and his customers choose European horses for their surface preferences as much as their running distances.

“We purchase some sprinters and some distance horses—it just depends on the horse,” he said. “The main thing that we look for over there are horses that like firm ground.”

According to Mullins, there are not enough distance horses in California to fill those races, but “there are not enough horses in California period.”

It’s Not Just Canada 

Scott Lane, racing secretary at Woodbine in Ontario, Canada, was quick to point out that a lack of entries in stayer races was not solely a Canadian problem.

“It’s a North American issue,” he lamented, “not just a Woodbine issue.”

Lane did not have an “expert reason” why the problem exists, but thought there were many more stallions with shorter-distance pedigrees.

“You see a lot of middle-distance, milers now that are the vast percentage of the sires available in North America,” he pointed out. “You just don’t see many of those classic-distance horses that are going to stud, horses that race at a mile and a half and a mile and three quarters. You don’t see many of those turned into studs. That could be a reason why.”

Havens, a leader in bloodstock sales in California for over 30 years, would agree with Lane’s opinion on North American stallions. Very few stallions that are primarily distance horses seem popular with breeders.

“All I can really say is, it’s a function of selecting the stallions that we like,” Havens offered. “I think the choices of stallions that we go to stud with are speed oriented horses that like to run early. We like those really hot, brilliant horses that are precocious enough as two-year-olds to get enough experience to run in the classics [at three].”

Lane, who has written Woodbine’s condition book since 2019, leaned away from blaming North American purse structures. He cited Gulfstream’s $3 Million Pegasus World Cup (Gr. 1), as a case in point. In the field of nine, only first placed Life Is Good (Into Mischief) and runner up Knicks Go (Paynter) had won Gr. 1 stakes. The balance of the field, although most were graded stakes placed, had not.

“We have two Gr. 1’s [at Woodbine] going a mile and a half on the turf that we’ve seen very difficult to fill over the last couple of years, unless we get some European interest,” Lane cited. “With the [pandemic] travel restrictions we had to modify those races a little bit. 

“For the Valedictory Stakes (Gr. 3) we cut back from a mile and three quarters to a mile and a half. The Singspiel Stakes (Gr. 3) used to be at a mile and a half and is now a mile and three eighths. We’ve modified our distances to try and suit some of the handicap horses that [normally] go a route of ground at a mile and a sixteenth to a mile and a quarter to try and help fill longer races.”

Those changes, and other distance race changes around North America, may prove a lack of quantity and quality of horses for the stayer divisions everywhere. Many more horses are bred to sprint or run middle distances, according to Lane.

“We never have problems filling Woodbine races from five furlongs up to seven furlongs,” he noted. “You start getting to a mile and a sixteenth, we still have a lot of interest for those races. A mile and a quarter and over, we don’t have as many of those horses with the classic pedigree, so to say, anymore. We definitely see the farther you go, the less and less pool of horses you have to pick from. It’s just the way it is now.”

Texas Hold ‘Em

Texas Thoroughbred racing has had its ups and downs for decades but is ascending in recent years with popular racetracks, high-value incentive programs and prospering horse auctions. Ken Carson is the general manager of Valor Farm in Pilot Point, Texas, which was founded by Dorothy and Clarence Scharbauer who campaigned 1987 Kentucky Derby and Preakness winner Alysheba (Alydar). Their son, Doug Scharbauer, now owns the farm.

Carson, who has been on the Texas Thoroughbred Association board for nearly 30 years, agrees breeding trends are at least partially responsible for decreasing distance horse numbers. He does, however, have a lot of clients that breed to race.

Although Carson is a Texas native, he spent a decade or more in Kentucky working many facets of the racing industry, including five years as pedigree consultant at Three Chimneys Farm in Versailles. Carson believes commercial breeders have contributed in part to the vanishing distance horse pool.

“The market drives the bus,” Carson voiced. “The speedier horses sell better; they look better at the sales, and you don’t wait as long on them. I’m not saying it’s right, but I think that’s driving a lot of it. The two-year-old in training sales—they work an eighth real fast, and they bring the big dough.”

 Conformation traits of speedier pedigrees tend to portray a more precocious individual. They appear balanced as though they are mature and grown into their frame, even as a two-year-old. Distance horses are often rangier, long-bodied with leaner muscle leaving their overall look as not being finished, which they are not. It will usually take that immature looking distance-bred horse longer to mature physically as well. Thus, the economics of a quick return are diminished.

Carson has no doubt there are still North American mare owners breeding to increase those classic distance horses—even in Texas. After many years of deflated numbers, The Jockey Club report of the number of mares bred shows Texas annual foal numbers are rising.

Most acknowledge the trend toward fewer stayers is real. It seems to have crept into the industry slowly, but does anyone truly care? It would not seem so.

“I don’t think it is a planned influence,” Havens opined of the shorter-faster phenomenon. “I don’t know if anybody really thinks it’s a problem.”

Hybrid Stayers

With a shortage of distance horses in North America—those running one mile and one eighth or further—steeplechase horses occasionally take to the flat track to help alleviate the problem.

Scott Lane, racing secretary at Woodbine in Ontario, Canada, said the hybrids are “few and far between now,” but they can help to fill a race now and again.

“[Trainer] Jonathan Sheppard comes to mind as one that would have some of those hybrid horses,” Lane pointed out. “They’d see a flat race at Delaware, then go to Saratoga and run over the hurdles. You do see some horses that race here through the years that transition to the hurdles afterwards. Some of the United States interest will buy these horses that are no longer competing at Woodbine and transition them into the U.S. hurdle races during the summer months.

“They have extensive hunt meet racing from July through October with races in Virginia and Maryland; and I think probably South Carolina and Pennsylvania. The top ones run in Saratoga in the summer.”

Stacy and Robert Mitchell

Words - Bill Heller

With a dollar and a dream, Stacy, a critical-care nurse, and Robert Mitchell, a surgeon, became horse owners. With a willingness to learn, they became Thoroughbred breeders after purchasing 92-acre Briland Farm in Lexington. And with patience and a commitment to race only home-breds, they created a niche—one made so much sweeter when their three-year-old filly Secret Oath took them to the winner’s circle at Churchill Downs by taking their first Gr. 1 stakes, the Kentucky Oaks, rather easily by two lengths under Luis Saez.

“They do it all themselves—pretty much a ‘mom-and-pop’ operation with just a few horses,” their Hall of Fame trainer D. Wayne Lukas said. “To have that kind of success is phenomenal. They’re very protective of their horses. Stacy foals out most of them herself. We’ve had a great relationship.”

Along the way, Stacy and Robert learned the ups and downs of racing. “The Thoroughbred industry can be as high as possible and the lowest of lows with foals dying,” Stacy said. “You just never know. Every time you get a good one, you say, `This is the one.’”

She was right with Secret Oath. “This was the one!” Stacy said. “It’s been exciting. Very satisfying.”

She’s certainly satisfied with her legendary trainer. “He’s great,” Stacy said. “He’s just classy. We can call him anytime. My husband talks to Wayne on the way to work every day. They both start their day at 3 a.m. He sees all his patients before they operate.”

Stacy and Robert met in the intensive care unit.

Born in western Kentucky, Stacy said, “I never had a horse. I always wanted a horse.”

Turns out, Robert did, too.

After they were gifted an older Quarter Horse, their realtor told them that horses usually like companions. The Mitchells found someone with a young mare with a decent pedigree. The man offered to give them the mare. “My husband didn’t want it for free,” Stacy said. “He did it for $1. That made it a two-way transaction.”

The Mitchells bred that mare, Chao Praya, to Level Sands and got Level Playingfield, who won nine of 49 starts and earned $664,822.

Upping  the ante, they bred Chao Praya to Empire Maker. They were rewarded with another star—Gr. 3 stakes winner Imposing Grace, who won five of 26 starts and made $326,743. 

The Mitchells then purchased Rockford Peach, who was in foal to Running Stag, for $36,000. She produced Absinthe Minded, a multiple-stakes winner who earned more than $600,000. She is the dam of Secret Oath. She was also the last Thoroughbred the Mitchells bought.

“The bottom line is we’ve never bought a race horse,” Robert told Meredith Daugherty in her February 23, 2022, story in the Paulick Report. “Every horse we’ve ever raced was born on our farm. We haven’t bought any Thoroughbred for over 20 years.”

How have they succeeded with only home-breds? “Luck—a lot of luck,” Stacy said. And a lot of work. “We went to so many clinics,” Stacy said. We became sponges for information. We read breeding books.”

Having a great trainer certainly helped, especially when their best horse, Secret Oath, showed a ton of potential. After breaking her maiden in her second start, she finished fifth in the Gr. 2 Golden Rod Stakes before winning three straight, an allowance by 9 ¼ lengths, the Martha Washington Stakes by 7 ½ and the Gr. 3 Honeybee by 7 ½.

That prompted a shot against colts in the Arkansas Derby, and she made a powerful rally in early stretch before tiring to third as the 7-5 favorite under Luis Contreras. “I thought she was going to be second, but she got tired because she made that big move,” Stacy said.

Lukas made a jockey switch to Saez for the Oaks, and he contributed a fine ride. “You’re nervous all day,” Stacy said. “You see them going to the gate. When she made the move, I just hoped it was a timed ride and she wouldn’t get tired. I was yelling, `Hang on, hang on.’ The rest of it was a blur. She didn’t want the lilies. I got the flowers.”

Secret Oath then finished fourth against colts in the Gr. 1 Preakness and is being prepped for a summer campaign, possibly starting in the Gr. 1 Coaching Club and/or Alabama. Stacy missed the Preakness. “My husband was there,” she said. “I was here foaling mares. I think she made a good run. I’m just happy that she finished in the top half and came out of it healthy.”

Health is very important to Stacy: “I don’t think I could do horses if I wasn’t a nurse. Keep the broodmares healthy. I’m able to do a lot of it myself.”

Stacy and Robert’s 22-year-old daughter Jessica is a registered nurse, hoping to go to grad school. Jessica’s younger sister Hannah is hoping to go to nursing school.

Asked if she’s proud of her daughters, Stacy said, “Oh, yeah. Being a mom is the best job I ever had. I couldn’t be prouder of my daughters.”   

And Secret Oath, the ultimate home-bred who will eventually become a broodmare, one with quite a resumé.

“We’ve been breeding since 2000,” Stacy said. “You always hope you have a Derby or Oaks winner.”

Now they do.

Fitri and Jim Hay

Words - Bill Heller

To racing’s “Golden Couple,” frequent fliers Fitri and Jim Hay, the United States is just one of many locales where their horses have had great success. They’ve won in England, France, America and Dubai—the base of Jim’s company JMH Group and where the couple now resides. “They’re racing enthusiasts,” Alex Cole, the Hays racing manager for the last 17 years, said. “It’s something they enjoy a great amount.”

Visiting the winner’s circle after graded and group stakes can do that to you. Their tremendous turf horse Cape Blanco (they owned 50 percent of the horse in partnership with Mrs. John Magnier, Derrick Smith and Michael Tabor) captured the Dante Stakes, the Irish Derby and the Irish Champion Stakes and was named the 2010 Irish Three-Year-Old Colt of the Year. The Hays had 27 winners in 2010, their highest total ever.

In 2011, trainer Aidan O’Brien sent Cape Blanco to the United States, and he quickly added to the Hays’ resume. After sweeping the Gr. 1 Man o’ War Stakes, Arlington Million and Joe Hirsch Turf Classic, Cape Blanco was named the 2011 Eclipse Champion Male Turf Horse.

That same year, the Hays purchased a 50-percent share of four-time Gp. 1 winner Fame and Glory. His victory in the 2011 Ascot Gold Cup culminated an unforgettable day for the Hays. “Some days can be beyond fable,” Fitri told Catherine McQueen in her December 26, 2019, story in Ccercle, a luxury magazine. “We were guests of the Queen [Elizabeth} for lunch at Windsor Castle. Much to our surprise, this was followed by being included in the royal procession down the track in one of the queen’s carriages—an unbelievable experience!”

The success of Cape Blanco and Fame and Glory helped the Hays purchase Birch Grove, the former mansion of Prime Minister Harold MacMillian. The property includes a private golf course.

Jim was born in Glasgow, Scotland, and Fitri in Jambi, Sumatra. They met in Jakarta, Indonesia, and married on August 25, 1996. They have two daughters, Jasmine and Catriona, who both enjoyed considerable academic success.  

Horse racing has always added up for Jim, whose grandmother taught him addition by watching televised races and making pretend bets. “He was hooked after that,” Alex said.

Jim studied at Strathclyde University in Glasgow, earning a Bachelor of Science and a Doctor of Philosophy in applied chemistry. In 1975, he joined British Petroleum (BP) as an engineer and worked his way up to a senior executive.

After his 27-year run at BP, Jim founded the JMH Group, a private business with two divisions—one dealing with construction, the second with lifestyle and fashion. He also acquired Fosroc, a construction solutions firm.

He’d been increasingly attracted to Thoroughbred racing, and after he and Fitri moved to the United Kingdom in 1998, he began spending so much time at racetracks and sales that Fitri felt like a racing widow. So she took the plunge and fell in love with racing, too.

Together, they began buying horses to build a stable in 2001. They didn’t have their first winner, Baratjea Dream, until 2004, then progressed rapidly. In 2010, they had a breakthrough with Cape Blanco.

In the U.S., their horse—in partnership with Smith, Magnier and Tabor—Deauville, won the 2016 Belmont Derby at Belmont Park. 

More recently, Highland Chief, owned completely by Fitri, captured the 2022 Gr. 1 Man o’ War in his second start for trainer Graham Motion at Belmont Park. 

Paul Cole (Alex’s father) and Oliver (Alex’s brother) had been training Highland Chief in Great Britain. Four weeks after the Man o’ War, Highland Chief raced in the Gr. 1 Manhattan Stakes at Belmont, finishing a solid fourth.

More and more, the Hays have been shipping their top horses to the United States. “The way things are in Great Britain, they send them to the U.S. for prize money,” their racing manager Alex said. 

The Hays spend their racing year at Newbury, Newmarket, York, Dante, Royal Ascot, Sandown, Newmarket again, Goodwood, Longchamp, Deauville and Dubai. Away from the track, they enjoy hunting, shooting, fishing, golf, rugby and soccer.

They have shared their success. The JMH Group was a major donor in the establishment of the Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science at Jim’s alma mater, Strathclyde. The Group also supports various charities in the Middle East and in India including disaster relief. Fitri has supported various projects to help and educate street children in Indonesia.

Asked why she enjoys racing, she told McQueen in her article, “There are several aspects that cannot be defined in monetary terms. There is firstly the enormous thrill of owning a horse that wins a race. That applies to all races. The thrill is magnified when it happens in a big race. The thrill is further magnified when the horse has been bred by us.”

All made possible by not becoming a racing widow.

Terry Finley

Words - Bill Heller

“If horse racing was just about dollars and cents, very few people would be in this game because it’s a terrible investment,” West Point Thoroughbreds founder and CEO Terry Finley said.

Yet he has been passionately invested in Thoroughbreds for much of his life, bringing in more than 2,000 new owners through racing partnerships in West Point Thoroughbreds’ first 31 years. 

His father, a chemistry teacher who served in the U.S. Navy during World War II, found relief from the demands of his job and raising seven children in Levittown, Pennsylvania, at the racetrack—first as a $2 bettor and then by getting involved in a partnership. 

Terry was 10 years old. “I saw how much fun they had,” Terry said. “It was teachers, plumbers, state workers and the like. I saw how much fun and enjoyment a partnership could be.”

His six older siblings didn’t take to racing, giving Terry additional, much-appreciated time with his father. They forged a special bond through their love of horses and horse racing, frequently doing double-headers: Thoroughbreds in the afternoon and harness-breds at night.

Most people would be surprised to learn that Terry has waged his private battle with stuttering much of his life. He rarely stutters now, if at all, but it was bad enough as a senior in high school that he thought it cost him his appointment to West Point. It did not.

Terry graduated from West Point in the star-studded Class of 1986, which featured many high-profile graduates including former Secretary of Defense Mark Esper, former Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, and four of Terry’s closest friends: Steve Cannon, the former CEO of Mercedes Benz who is now a co-owner of the Atlanta Falcons; Joe DePinto, the long-tenured CEO of 7-Eleven Inc.; David Urban, a CNN political commentator and a powerful member of the Republican Party and former FBI agent Jim Diorio. 

Working together, those five friends created the Johnny Mac Soldiers Fund named for their classmate, Col. John M. McHugh, a fatal victim of a suicide bomber in Kabul, Afghanistan, in 2010. The Fund helps the children and family of fallen soldiers with college costs. Through 2021, the Fund has awarded $25 million in scholarships to more than 3,500 college students all over the country. 

After leaving the Army with the rank of Captain in November, 1994, Terry toiled in a job he hated, selling life insurance for a year and a half, before finally conceding to his life-long passion for horses.

Terry started West Point Thoroughbreds with a $6,500 claimer and now boasts 2017 Kentucky Derby winner Always Dreaming and Flightline, his undefeated four-year-old who is currently ranked fifth in the world after capturing the Gr. 1 Met Mile by six lengths. 

Terry’s wife Debbie and their daughter Erin are key members of West Point Thoroughbreds’ corporate team.

Debbie and Terry met in pottery class in the 10th grade, started having dates at racetracks, and have been together ever since. Terry especially admires her tenacity as a mother, specifically helping their children, Erin and Ryan, secure the coaching they needed to pursue their passions. “She wouldn’t take `no’ for an answer,” Terry said proudly.

Erin didn’t let a horrific hand injury when she was four years old prevent her from continuing her riding lessons and becoming a top equestrian, frequently transitioning former West Point Thoroughbreds to a second career.

One can only imagine how difficult it was for Erin to deal with her injury growing up. Then one day at Saratoga, Terry ran into Steve Asmussen and noticed that Steve was also missing part of his thumb. Terry brought Erin to Steve, and they connected immediately when Steve reached out his damaged hand. “There was this mutual feeling that we’re not the only people in the world that had this type of accident.” Erin said. 

Erin’s younger brother, Ryan, an All-American and professional soccer player, graduated from the prestigious Wharton School and will begin a business career with a consulting firm in Dallas in October.

Terry has been West Point’s general, deploying his Thoroughbreds around North America to one of a dozen top trainers, forming strategic alliances and relying on key officers, especially his wife and daughter, to oversee his troops day-to-day. Having been exposed to breakthrough technology in the Army, Terry has been ahead of the curve ever since, reflected in West Point’s website, television ads and customer service.

“He’s worked very hard at it,” his Kentucky-based trainer and buddy Dale Romans said. “I watched it from its infancy—Terry was smart enough to use the Internet and social media. I think he was the first one. He was very ahead of the curve. “

Along the way, West Point Thoroughbreds has taken care of its Thoroughbreds when their racing days were over, through its Congie DeVito Black and Gold Fund. Congie didn’t let his brittle bone disease prevent him from becoming Terry’s first employee after nagging him for months. Congie pioneered West Point’s technology—cutting-edge material at the time. “He was very valuable,” Terry said. “He was everything to our entire team.” Terry treated him accordingly, surprising Congie with an electric wheelchair and customized van that gave him mobility he’d never had his entire life. “It was the first time he could control his direction,” Terry said. “He did figure 8’s over and over. I’ve never seen a person happier or more content. He always wanted to run. This was the closest he could come. It was one of the proudest moments of my life.”

When Congie died in 2011 at the age of 35, he donated his two kidneys, saving two other lives. “The kidneys were his gift out the door,” his mother, Roberta, said. “He was the one who thought of it.” 

While trying his best to avoid the spotlight, Terry has quietly become an industry leader. “Terry’s a straight-forward guy, very honest and cares about the sport,” former NFL linebacker Robert “Stonewall” Jackson, a partner on Always Dreaming, said. “He wants to do the right thing for the industry.”

He does so quietly. “It’s pretty remarkable,” his son Ryan said. “Other people—you can’t get to shut up. That’s something I learned from my dad: being humble.”

Erin calls her father “the definition of the American dream: serving your country and taking a risk. I am proud of him for not giving up with two kids and not a lot of financial backing, and grinding it out.”

Terry said, “It’s a labor of love. I get to live my dream: to win races.” 

Advocating for Humane Education - the work being done to educate youngsters in equine welfare

Words - Bill Heller

How do you change culture? How do you ensure horses’ welfare? “Education is the answer,” Equine Advocates’ founder Susan Wagner said. “To me, it’s the only thing that changes the picture.”

She knows quite a bit about change. When Secretariat’s 1973 Triple Crown chase drew her to the racetrack for the first time, she witnessed his 31-length victory in the 1973 Belmont Stakes and was so dazzled that she quit her job and got a new one as a hotwalker on the backstretch the very next day. A myriad of jobs followed: working at Sagamore Farms in Maryland; writing for the Horsemen’s Journal; doing radio and TV work for the New York Racing Association  and for Teletrack off-track betting in New Haven, Connecticut; and becoming the first female jockey agent in New York, representing George Martens, who won the 1981 Belmont Stakes on Summing to deny Pleasant Colony the Triple Crown. She then worked for New York Zoological Society and for Friends of Animals.

When she learned of horse slaughter in the United States, she and her sister Karen began Equine Advocates (EA) in 1996. They opened the Equine Advocate Farm and Sanctuary near Chatham, New York—40 miles southeast of Saratoga Springs—in late 2004. EA currently has 82 residents, including 19 Thoroughbreds. The newest horse, a wild Mustang mare named Onaqui, arrived from Utah on June 4.

In 2006, with the considerable help of longtime supporter and Thoroughbred owner and breeder Jeffrey Tucker, EA constructed a humane education center on the 140-acre farm to teach kids, preschool through college, about the humane treatment of horses. She was stunned two years later to learn that New York State has a law mandating humane education courses be taught at elementary schools. Section 809 of New York State Education Law mandates every elementary school in the state teach “the humane treatment and protection of animals and the importance of the part they play in the economy of nature as well as the necessity of controlling the proliferation of animals which are subsequently abandoned and caused to suffer extreme cruelty.” The law has been on the books since 1947, yet very few schools even know about it today.

Fifty-five years after the law was passed, the New York State Bar Association created the Committee on Animals and the Law to focus on legal issues regarding the interests of animals and to serve as a legal resource for humane-related issues pertaining to animals and “make a difference for both animals and people.”

Just like that law, few people are aware of that committee.

But at least New York State has a humane education mandate. Only eight of the other 49 states do: California, Florida, Illinois, Maine, New Jersey, Oregon, Pennsylvania and Washington. 

“If any state should offer humane education, Kentucky immediately comes to mind since the breeding of horses for racing is what that state is most famous for,” Wagner said.

“There’s been a law since 1947, but it hasn’t been implemented,” retired Brooklyn elementary school teacher Sheila Schwartz said. “There’s no one around to see that it’s being done.”

She said she was “shocked” when she learned about the state law from the ASPCA in 1980. She began teaching it immediately and continued to do so until she retired in 2014. She created a humane education curriculum in 1985, and served as the chairman of the United Federation of Teachers Humane Education program from 1989 through 2014. “We were a support group,” she said. “Most of the teachers didn’t want to start a program.”

Asked to guess what percentage of schools have programs now, she replied, “I’d be surprised it is more than two to five percent.”

PETA noted: “Under New York State’s current education laws, elementary schools are required to provide instruction in the humane treatment and protection of animals. Unfortunately, many educators are not even aware of this requirement, and compliance is inconsistent.”

Teachers that do want to start humane education courses have a valuable resource in Humane Education Advocates Reaching Teachers (H.E.A.R.T), which offers full-service humane education programs in New York City, Chicago and Indianapolis and is accessible online. Its mission is “to develop a generation of compassionate youth who create positive change for animals, people and the natural world.”

What have all these kids who didn’t have humane education classes been missing? “Humane education gives them another way to view animals,” Schwartz said. “I think it makes them empathetic to animals and to each other. When I did the program, we would have them role playing. What are the alternatives?”

Susan Wagner has made a career of finding alternatives for horses. Yet she is realistic: “We can’t rescue every horse. So the best thing we can do is teach young people the tools to rescue them on their own in addition to being able to report animal abuse to the authorities. One of our main issues is to eliminate horses being treated poorly.”

Yet she and Michele Jacobs, the humane education teacher she hired last November, do not indoctrinate their students. “We don’t tell these kids what they should think,” Wagner said. “We show photos of a horse pulling a carriage in a busy city and a horse in a pasture pulling a carriage in a field. We ask the kids, ``What do you see? What do you feel?’ Then we get them to talk about horses. We tell them the different types of horses and what they are used for. There are ways to handle a horse properly. We’re very careful not to tell them what is right or what is wrong. They look at the pictures and they decide.”

Then they get to tour Susan’s farm. Horses meant to be slaughtered and/or have suffered abuse are now living like kings and queens in oversized paddocks, receiving excellent care and huge doses of love and carrots from a steady stream of visitors. Each horse’s story is posted just outside their paddock. They come to Susan when she calls their names. The bond she enjoys with them is obvious.

In 2019, the last full year of activity before the two-year pandemic, more than 800 students from nearby schools enjoyed the EA’s classes and tours. “It’s great for these kids,” Wagner said. “They love it. Some bring their parents back on open-house days.”

Michele, who began riding lessons when she was four, said. “It’s wonderful working here. I had teaching jobs all over the area, and I’ve always wanted a job working with horses.” Now she’s doing both.

She, too, was unaware of the state law: “I did not know about it. I don’t know why schools aren’t doing programs.”

Her programs at EA are geared to “inspire a new love of equines by thinking for themselves,” Michele said. “We talk about taking care of the horses. The younger ones’ reactions are curiosity. They want to know more about the animal. I had third and fifth grade students last week,” Michele said. ”They all sat down right away. They were very interested. They asked very intelligent questions. Even the third-graders were all over about horses having feelings. Their faces lit up. Another time, we had a three-year-old with one of the horses. It was her first time seeing a horse—a huge animal. The way she looked at him and touched him was beautiful.”

Michele’s three kids, 11-year-old Benjamin, 13-year-old Matthew and 16-year-old Caleb, have all been to Susan’s farm. “I’m very passionate about horses, seeing their expressions,” Benjamin said. “I like petting them. I want to help my mom with humane education. It’s definitely not right to treat horses badly. A lot of other animals, too. I want to learn about it.”

Matthew, who helps his mom take care of their own horse, said, “I just think they’re really cool animals. I think it’s very important because if you treat them the wrong way, you’re not going to live a happy life. I believe the animals have feelings, too.”

Caleb, their 16-year-old brother, has done a 10-hour volunteering stint at EA and plans on doing it again as a part of his school’s mandated policy of volunteer work. “I think the farm is really beautiful,” he said. “I know they treat their horses and other animals very well. I think what they are doing is excellent.” 

Other kids of Caleb's age are happy participants at EA, too. Danielle Melino, who lives in Austerlitz, 15 minutes from EA, is a high school agriculture teacher at Housatonic Valley High School in Connecticut (EA is close to the New York-Connecticut state line). “We were the first post-COVID class to visit the farm,” she said. “It was probably the best field trip I’ve taken with my kids in years. We heard from Michele, Susan and volunteers. My students were blown away. They learned about a lot of topics: PMU (pregnant mares’ urine used to treat menopause), wild Mustangs, horse slaughter, carriage horses and camp horses. We learned about the history of the organization. I always tell my students these horses couldn’t ask for a better setting and better care on these beautiful grounds.” 

 She was so impressed with EA’s program that she reached out to another high school who also visited the farm, and also brought her 4-H class there. “I think humane education should be in every school,” Danielle said.

Daniela Caschera teaches preschool for three- and four-year-olds kids at Albany Academy, where Michele had taught. Her kids did a zoom with Michele. “She had left a bucket of items before we did the zoom,” Caschera said. “We guessed what they might be used for. Then, when she zoomed, she talked about those items: a horseshoe, some food, a brush, a file for teeth.

“They were so excited. One of my students, Leon Carey, then visited the farm with his parents. He loves animals. His father is a vet. His grandfather has a reindeer farm in Corning.”

Daniela was appreciative of having a zoom with Michele available during the pandemic: “With COVID, it was a way to introduce something new to the kids. My kids were very engaged, for three- and four-year-olds. They asked a lot of questions. After that, Michele gave us part of a tour.”

One moment stood out for Daniela: “We were talking about horses sleeping standing up. One of my little girls asked why. She’s the youngest person in my class. And she told her mom why horses sleep standing up. It stuck.”

Daniela intends to spend a whole week next year focused on horses as part of her curriculum.

Ray Whelihan, an associate professor at the State University of New York – Cobleskill, teaches an animal science class. He’s been visiting Susan’s farm for a decade. “Susan is a key part of the course,” he said. “She zoomed during COVID. It is such a professional organization over there. She gives extraordinary care.”

Susan has been working with Ray to create an individual course focusing solely on horses and/or a course of equine ethics.

“We desperately need humane education because kids are the future horse caregivers in America,” Wagner said. “I think every state should have humane education because every state has horses. For states with major horse racing and breeding, humane education should be compulsory because there are so many more horses bred. It’s important to make sure that every horse bred to race, whether or not he races, has a soft landing. Humane euthanasia should be considered a last resource to make sure the horses don’t fall through the cracks and end up being slaughtered.”

Classes and tours are just part of EA’s humane education program. Its Kid’s Corner is part of its Fun From Home program. There are equine-themed puzzles, quizzes, mazes and games, and video tours of the farm. 

Brand new are the Equine Readers Club, offered online, once a month on Saturdays at noon, which are available on Facebook and YouTube; and “Live at Lunchtime” on Wednesdays is also available on those two platforms.

Following a two-year absence during the pandemic, EA scheduled seven open houses in 2022. The first was on May 14 and the last will be on November 5.

EA plans to expand its humane education program, hoping to reach as many children as possible. “I think it’s something that people don’t know about—how bad horses can be treated and how bad they are treated,” Caleb Jacobs said. “They should be treated like a dog and a cat. I think more people should know about it.” 

#Soundbites - How are you complying with HISA regulations, and what additional steps are you taking to be compliant?

Words - Bill Heller

Michael Matz

I don’t think we have any choice. It is what it is, and you have to do it. It’s extra work, but it makes a fair playing field. This is what we have to do. I’m sure there are a lot of glitches that will have to be worked out. We just have to comply. I hope it makes a big difference. With the bunch of people caught (cheating), it should have been done a long time ago. 

Richard Mandela

I’m lucky I’ve got my son helping. He showed me yesterday what we will be doing: a lot of recording information—we’re already doing at Santa Anita, ever since a couple years ago when we had problems with horses breaking down. It’s a great improvement, but it involves a lot of recording, inspections, checking, double checking, triple checking. It’s a pain in the neck, but it’s working.

Dale Romans

I’m going to hire a person to do all the HISA stuff. I’m going to put him on staff. I can’t do it myself. I’m going to have an open mind about HISA, but I think there’s going to be some unnecessary repetitive work. They’ll have to figure that out. 

Bruce Levine

Bruce Levine

I haven’t registered yet (as of June 9). I’m going to look at it next week. My wife will do that for me. I’m all for uniform rules, but some of the smaller tracks may have a problem. It’d be nice to have uniform rules. I just don’t know how much horse knowledge they have. They should have had people on the backstretch asking questions. 

Joe Sharp

Basically, it’s been a learning process for everybody. We’re trying to follow the guidelines that they’re giving us. It seems all the kinks haven’t been worked out yet. We’re waiting for changes in a couple of things. We’re registered and trying to sort through what they’re asking. There’s a little lack of clarity in some areas. I think we’re all trying to do the right thing.

Mike Stidham

First of all, I’m complying by just filling out the forms for myself and my horses. It’s quite a bit of data and a lot of paperwork. Everything they’re asking trainers to do has to be documented—what we did, what the vets did. I think there’s a redundancy. Whether or not this is the answer to solve many of the problems of the industry remains to be seen. We’re all going to find out after a period of time. 

Wayne Catalano

I don’t know what to think, to tell you the truth. We’ll do whatever we have to do. I don’t know what difference it’s going to make. People can get around a lot of things.

Pat Kelly

I don’t think we need it. The little guys don’t need it. I only have two horses.  We’ve already done a lot of this with the National THA (National Thoroughbred Horsemen’s Association). They want people to do all this, but there’s no funding for it. It’s another layer of government bureaucracy we don’t need. I just don’t see everyone doing this by July 1.  They may have to push the date back. I’ll sign up if I have to.   

Ron Ellis

It’s not a great thing when government gets involved. It seems like a lot of unnecessary red tape. My owners are grumbling. They all have to do paperwork. We’ll see how it works out.